Mazagran is a cold coffee beverage that originated in Algeria. It is believed to have been created in the mid-19th century during the French occupation of Algeria. French soldiers stationed at the fortress of Mazagran were said to have invented the drink by mixing coffee with cold water to adapt to the hot climate and scarcity of milk.

The traditional version of Mazagran consists of very strong coffee—often a blend of espresso or robust coffee—served over ice. Sometimes, sugar or lemon is added to taste. The simplicity of the drink, without milk or cream, distinguishes it from other coffee-based beverages.

In the 1840s, following the French colonization of Algeria, French soldiers brought Mazagran back to France where it gained a modest level of popularity. The drink's adaptation in Europe often included variations such as adding rum or other spirits. In Portugal, a well-known version also exists where it can be sweetened and mixed with lemon juice or mint.

Mazagran is sometimes referred to as "the original iced coffee," predating many modern iced coffee drinks. Additionally, its influence can be seen in various modern cold coffee beverages, and it occasionally appears on contemporary coffeehouse menus.

While it never achieved the widespread popularity of some other coffee drinks, Mazagran is noted for its historical significance and as a precursor to later cold coffee innovations. The drink represents an example of cultural fusion, demonstrating how colonial interactions can influence culinary traditions.